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Pre-move Checklist

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Pre-Move Checklist for Spain: Essential Steps Before You Leave

Relocating to Spain involves navigating a series of administrative, legal, and logistical requirements. Proper preparation in the country of origin is necessary to ensure a smooth transition into the Spanish system. As of 2025 and 2026, regulations regarding immigration and document verification remain strict, particularly for non-European Union (EU) nationals.

The primary requirement for moving to Spain depends on the nationality of the individual and the intended duration of stay. It is essential to determine the correct legal path before terminating residency in the home country.

EU, EEA, and Swiss Citizens

Citizens of the European Union, European Economic Area, or Switzerland do not require a visa to live or work in Spain. However, for stays exceeding 90 days, they must register with the Central Registry of Foreigners (Registro Central de Extranjeros). Before leaving, ensure your national identity card or passport is valid for at least six months.

Non-EU Citizens

Citizens from "third countries" (e.g., USA, UK, Canada, Australia) must obtain a valid visa before arrival. Common visa types for 2025/2026 include:

  • Digital Nomad Visa: For remote workers employed by companies outside Spain.
  • Non-Lucrative Visa (NLV): For those with sufficient funds who do not intend to work in Spain.
  • Student Visa: For those enrolled in accredited educational institutions.
  • Golden Visa: Currently subject to legislative review; check the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the latest status.

Document Legalization and Translation

Spanish authorities generally do not accept foreign documents unless they have been legalized and translated by an official body. This process must be completed before departure.

The Hague Apostille

If the country of origin is a member of the Hague Convention, documents must bear the Apostille stamp. This includes birth certificates, marriage certificates, and criminal record checks. For non-member countries, legalization must be handled through the Spanish Consulate.

Sworn Translations

Documents not written in Spanish must be translated by a Traductor Jurado (Sworn Translator) authorized by the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. While some consulates allow translations from local agencies, it is often more reliable to use a translator registered in Spain. Costs for a standard one-page document typically range from 40 EUR ($43.60 USD, Jan 2026) to 80 EUR ($87.20 USD, Jan 2026).

Financial and Tax Preparations

Managing financial obligations before departure prevents complications with both the home country's tax office and the Spanish Agencia Tributaria.

Banking and Liquidity

Ensure your current bank is aware of your move to avoid account freezes due to "suspicious" international activity. It is recommended to maintain an international-friendly account or an online bank (such as Revolut or Wise) to manage initial expenses in Euros. Note that to rent an apartment or pay utilities in Spain, a Spanish IBAN is often required shortly after arrival.

Tax Residency

Individuals who spend more than 183 days in a calendar year in Spain are generally considered tax residents. Consult a tax professional regarding the "Exit Tax" in your home country and the implications of the Double Taxation Treaty between your country and Spain.

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Healthcare and Insurance

Access to healthcare in Spain is mandatory. The type of coverage required depends on your visa and employment status.

  • EU Citizens: Should obtain the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) for temporary stays. For permanent residency, those drawing a state pension should request form S1 from their home country.
  • Non-EU Citizens: Most visa types (such as the Non-Lucrative Visa) require a private health insurance policy from a company authorized to operate in Spain. The policy must have no co-payments (sin copagos) and no waiting periods (sin carencias).
  • Cost Estimate: Private health insurance for a healthy individual aged 30-40 typically costs between 50 EUR ($54.50 USD, Jan 2026) and 90 EUR ($98.10 USD, Jan 2026) per month.

Logistical Checklist

Before leaving your current residence, several practical steps must be finalized:

Housing and Utilities

Ensure you have written confirmation of the termination of rental agreements or the sale of property. Cancel or transfer utility bills (electricity, water, internet) to avoid ongoing charges. Obtain a "Proof of Address" or "De-registration" certificate if your country issues them, as this is sometimes requested by consulates.

Driving Licenses

EU licenses are generally valid in Spain until they expire. For non-EU citizens, licenses are typically valid for the first six months after obtaining legal residency. Before moving, check if your country has a bilateral agreement with Spain for a direct exchange (canje). If not, you may be required to take a Spanish driving test. It is advisable to obtain an International Driving Permit (IDP) before leaving your home country.

Moving with Pets

Pets entering Spain from another country must meet specific health requirements:

  • A microchip (ISO Standard 11784 or 11785).
  • A valid Rabies vaccination administered after the microchip insertion.
  • An EU Pet Passport (for EU pets) or an Animal Health Certificate (for non-EU pets) issued within 10 days of arrival.

Summary of Required Documents

Before boarding your flight, ensure you have physical and digital copies of the following:

  • Valid Passport (with at least 12 months validity recommended).
  • Approved Visa (if applicable).
  • Apostilled Birth and Marriage Certificates.
  • Apostilled Criminal Record Certificate (issued within the last 3–6 months).
  • Proof of financial means (bank statements).
  • Health insurance policy or S1 form.
  • Medical certificate (if required for your specific visa type).

Exceptions and Special Cases

Requirements may vary significantly based on specific bilateral treaties. For example, citizens of Ibero-American countries, Philippines, Andorra, Equatorial Guinea, Portugal, and persons of Sephardic origin may have shortened timelines for permanent residency or citizenship. Always verify specific requirements with the nearest Spanish Embassy or Consulate.